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Saturday, May 19, 2012
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You are here ::PoliticsMayors of MemphisMarcus Winchester
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 Marcus Winchester Minimize

Born: 1796

Died: 1856


Marcus Brutus Winchester was the first mayor of Memphis.  He was also the son of  General James Winchester, one of the three original owners of the Memphis property.  As it happened the growth of Memphis was slow and passed the General by without him seeing a very handsome profit.

Marcus, whose father named the original purchase Memphis was educated in Baltimore.  Born to the General and Susan Black, Marcus left school at the age of 16 to serve at his fathers' side in the war of 1812.  They were both captured under questionable circumstances and were held prisoner in Quebec. 

This incident colored the rest of his father's life and underscored the rivalry between the various generals of that war, especially between Winchester and William Henry Harrison who would later become President of the United States.

Marcus was an original inspector of the Memphis purchase.  He accompanied Andrew Jackson and Isaac Shelby to the signing of the Chickasaw Cession (or Jackson purchase) which drove the Chickasaws from the “purchased“ land increasing its value immeasurably.  Marcus actually drew up the plans for Memphis, along with a surveyor named William Lawrence.

Marcus continued to work as a land developer along with his father, actually moving to Memphis for business and civic service.  He married Mary Loiselle of New Orleans somewhere around 1823.  Mary was said to be a woman of color, but in this context it is hard to say what that meant.  Many slaves by this time looked white.  In any case the idea that she was a Negro hurt Winchester's reputation and contributed to a number of business reversals that were to follow him to his grave.


Marcus acted as an 
agent for the proprietors and opened the first store. He was one of the first five members of the Quarterly Court and was elected register in 1820. When Memphis was incorporated in 1826, Winchester became the first mayor. He operated a ferry and served as postmaster until 1849, although his loyalty to the Jacksonians came under question when he supported Davy Crockett for Congress.

Because of his marriage and the deep rifts occurring along race lines leading up to the Civil War, Winchester's career declined. A whispering campaign by members of the Murrell Clan alienated Winchester from the community.  He was said to have taken up drinking heavily at home, but this is unsubstantiated.  Ultimately Winchester moved his family to a home a few miles outside the city.  Many business problems and lawsuits occupied his time now.

Mary Winchester died in 1840.  Two years later Winchester, now 46 years old married the 19 year old Lucy McLean.  His last job in public service was his 1851 election to the Tennessee State Legislature. 

Winchester died on November 2, 1856.

  
Here the history of Memphis is presented.  From the Chickasaw to the great New Madrid earthquake of 1811 on to the land's purchase by John Overton and Andrew Jackson, followed by incorporation and Civil War occupation.  Picking up with the yellow fever followed by the surrender of the city charter and the tenure of the former city as a taxing district of Shelby County and the state of Tennessee.  We continue Memphis history into the days of Crump and the progressive era when the city would be made to conform to order.  Memphis history is rich with time, music and commerce.  From the blues of Beale Street to Elvis Presley and Sun Records the City of Memphis been enriched by transporation, cotton, mules and hardware; bridge openings to celebrate and the sorrows of the 1968 Sanitation Strike which culminated in the death of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.  Memphis has persevered through pain and has been anything but dull.  This is our story...
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